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Species Affected Cattle, buffalo, sheep and goats. Clinical Signs Progressive anaemia, pale mucous memb rane, sub - mandibular oedema (bottle jaw), loss of appetite, weakness in movement, isolated from flock while grazing, loss in production. Preventive Measures The animal should not be allowed to graze in water stagnant field or sub - merged fodder should not be given directly to the animals. The sub - merged fodder can be processed through hay/silage preparation, where metac ercaria will die through the process. The affected animals can be treated by Carbon tetrachloride / Rafo xanide / Nitroxynil/ Niclofolan / Closantel/ Oxyclozanide, under Veterinarian & under strict supervision.
Source: AICRP Bangalore